{"id":5026,"date":"2018-07-27T21:04:14","date_gmt":"2018-07-27T21:04:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/?page_id=5026"},"modified":"2018-07-28T18:06:53","modified_gmt":"2018-07-28T18:06:53","slug":"gregor-mendel","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/?page_id=5026","title":{"rendered":"Gregor Mendel"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Gregor Johann <\/strong><strong>Mendel<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Geboren am 20. Juli 1822 Heinzendorf\/Odrau<\/li>\n<li>Gestorben am 6. Januar 1884 in Br\u00fcnn<\/li>\n<li>Eltern: Anton Mendel, Rosina Mendel<\/li>\n<li>Ausbildung: Universit\u00e4t Olm\u00fctz, Universit\u00e4t Wien<\/li>\n<li>Beruf: Ordenspriester, Naturforscher<\/li>\n<li>Fachbereich: Vererbungslehre<\/li>\n<li>Bekanntestes Werk: Versuche \u00fcber Pflanzen-Hybriden (1865)<\/li>\n<li>Auszeichnungen: zeitlebens bekamen die Entdeckungen Mendels praktisch keine Beachtung<\/li>\n<li>Einfl\u00fcsse: Christian Doppler, Franz Unger<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Kurze Zusammenfassung seines Lebens:<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>16 Jahre nach seinen Tod wurden seine Experimente an Erbsenpflanzen unter den Begriff \u201eMendelsche Regeln\u201c wiederentdeckt und als richtig bewiesen.<\/li>\n<li>Schuf die Grundlage der modernen Genetik<\/li>\n<li>Als kleines Kind zeigte er schon Interesse an Tieren und Pflanzen.<\/li>\n<li>1840 schloss er seine Schulbildung als Klassenbester ab und nahm kurz darauf das Studium der Philosophie an der Universit\u00e4t von Olm\u00fctz auf.<\/li>\n<li>1843 war er gezwungen sein Studium aus finanziellen Gr\u00fcnden vorzeitig abzubrechen, danach trat ins Kloster ein.<\/li>\n<li>Er konnte im Augustinerkloster St. Thomas seiner Leidenschaft, der Forschung an Pflanzen und Tieren, nachgehen.<\/li>\n<li>Ab 1845 studierte er an der Bisch\u00f6flichen Lehranstalt in Br\u00fcnn Theologie und Landwirtschaft.<\/li>\n<li>Im Zuge seiner Studien zur Landwirtschaft wurden ihm durch seinen Lehrer Franz Diebl die Grundkenntnisse zur Samenvermehrung und Kreuzung von Pflanzen vermittelt.<\/li>\n<li>Mendel wurde zum Priester geweiht und aufgrund seiner offensichtlichen wissenschaftlichen Interessen als Hilfslehrer am Gymnasium eingesetzt.<\/li>\n<li>Nach seiner Ausbildung trat Gregor Mendel zweimal zur Lehramtspr\u00fcfung in den F\u00e4chern Physik und Naturgeschichte, Physik und Botanik, an der Universit\u00e4t Wien an.<\/li>\n<li>Mendel hatte fachliche Differenzen mit dem Pr\u00fcfer \u00fcber die Befruchtung und Vermehrung durch weibliche m\u00e4nnliche Sexualorgane bei Pflanzen, daher musste er sich als Hilfslehrer zufriedengeben.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h5>Beruflicher Werdegang und wissenschaftliche Errungenschaften:<\/h5>\n<ul>\n<li>Trotz der nicht bestandenen Lehramtspr\u00fcfungen verlor Gregor Mendel nie das wissenschaftliche Interesse an Pflanzen und begann bereits im Klostergarten Experimente zur Kreuzung von Pflanzen durchzuf\u00fchren.<\/li>\n<li>Die Bl\u00fctenfarben rot und wei\u00df und die Samenfarben gr\u00fcn und gelb lieferten Mendel pr\u00e4gnante Merkmale, die er im Zuge seiner Beobachtungen \u00fcber mehrere Generationen von Erbsenpflanzen auswerten konnte.<\/li>\n<li>Dazu entfernte er die Staubbl\u00e4tter dieser Pflanzen, um eine Fremd- oder Selbstbest\u00e4ubung zu verhindern und brachte anschlie\u00dfend Pollen und Narben verschiedener Exemplare zusammen.<\/li>\n<li>In seinen Versuchsreihen gelang es ihm, die detaillierten wissenschaftliche Erkenntnisse zur Vererbung verschiedener Merkmale, insbesondere den Bl\u00fctenfarben zu liefern.<\/li>\n<li>Aus seinen Beobachtungen schloss Gregor Mendel, dass bestimmte charakteristische &#8222;Elemente&#8220; der Pflanzen auf nachfolgende Generationen weitervererbt werden und sich im Zuge dieses Prozesses miteinander mischen oder getrennt auftreten k\u00f6nnen.<\/li>\n<li>Nach intensiver Forschung fasste Gregor Mendel seine Erkenntnisse dennoch in seiner Arbeit &#8222;Versuche \u00fcber Pflanzenhybriden&#8220; zusammen, die er im Jahr 1866 publizierte.<\/li>\n<li>Drei Jahre sp\u00e4ter folgte eine weitere schriftliche Abhandlung, &#8222;\u00dcber einige aus k\u00fcnstlicher Befruchtung gewonnenen Hierarcium-Bastarde&#8220;, zur seiner Vererbungslehre, die jedoch in Fachkreisen ebenfalls kaum ernstgenommen wurde und lediglich auf Unverst\u00e4ndnis stie\u00df.<\/li>\n<li>Gregor Mendel gab daraufhin seine Forschungen auf und f\u00fchrte als Abt das Kloster.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Quellen:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.biologie-schule.de\/gregor-mendel.php\">http:\/\/www.biologie-schule.de\/gregor-mendel.php<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Mendel-Kowanitsch.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignnone size-large wp-image-5029\" src=\"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Mendel-Kowanitsch-734x1024.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"650\" height=\"907\"\/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Bild und Text: Verena Kowanitsch, 3HMA, HLMW9, 2017<\/p>\n<div id=\"watu_quiz\" class=\"quiz-area \">\n<form action=\"\" method=\"post\" class=\"quiz-form \" id=\"quiz-106\" >\n<div class='watu-question' id='question-1'><div class='question-content'><p><span class='watu_num'>1. <\/span>Wann wurde Gregor Mendel geboren?<\/p>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' name='question_id[]' value='860' \/><div class='watu-questions-wrap '><input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4163' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-860[]' id='answer-id-4163' class='answer answer-1  answerof-860' value='4163' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4163' id='answer-label-4163' class=' answer label-1'><span class='answer'>1822<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4164' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-860[]' id='answer-id-4164' class='answer answer-1  answerof-860' value='4164' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4164' id='answer-label-4164' class=' answer label-1'><span class='answer'>1922<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4166' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-860[]' id='answer-id-4166' class='answer answer-1  answerof-860' value='4166' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4166' id='answer-label-4166' class=' answer label-1'><span class='answer'>1862<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4165' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-860[]' id='answer-id-4165' class='answer answer-1  answerof-860' value='4165' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4165' id='answer-label-4165' class=' answer label-1'><span class='answer'>1722<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' id='questionType1' value='radio' class=''><\/div><div class='watu-question' id='question-2'><div class='question-content'><p><span class='watu_num'>2. <\/span>Besonders gerne forschte Gregor Mendel an<\/p>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' name='question_id[]' value='857' \/><div class='watu-questions-wrap '><input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4149' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-857[]' id='answer-id-4149' class='answer answer-2  answerof-857' value='4149' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4149' id='answer-label-4149' class=' answer label-2'><span class='answer'>M\u00e4usen<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4148' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-857[]' id='answer-id-4148' class='answer answer-2  answerof-857' value='4148' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4148' id='answer-label-4148' class=' answer label-2'><span class='answer'>Erbsen<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4150' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-857[]' id='answer-id-4150' class='answer answer-2  answerof-857' value='4150' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4150' id='answer-label-4150' class=' answer label-2'><span class='answer'>Sonnenblumen<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4147' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-857[]' id='answer-id-4147' class='answer answer-2  answerof-857' value='4147' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4147' id='answer-label-4147' class=' answer label-2'><span class='answer'>Rosen<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' id='questionType2' value='radio' class=''><\/div><div class='watu-question' id='question-3'><div class='question-content'><p><span class='watu_num'>3. <\/span>Wo wurde Gregor Mendel geboren?<\/p>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' name='question_id[]' value='861' \/><div class='watu-questions-wrap '><input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4168' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-861[]' id='answer-id-4168' class='answer answer-3  answerof-861' value='4168' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4168' id='answer-label-4168' class=' answer label-3'><span class='answer'>Br\u00fcnn<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4167' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-861[]' id='answer-id-4167' class='answer answer-3  answerof-861' value='4167' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4167' id='answer-label-4167' class=' answer label-3'><span class='answer'>Wien<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4170' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-861[]' id='answer-id-4170' class='answer answer-3  answerof-861' value='4170' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4170' id='answer-label-4170' class=' answer label-3'><span class='answer'>Baden bei Wien<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4169' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-861[]' id='answer-id-4169' class='answer answer-3  answerof-861' value='4169' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4169' id='answer-label-4169' class=' answer label-3'><span class='answer'>Brunn am Gebirge<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' id='questionType3' value='radio' class=''><\/div><div class='watu-question' id='question-4'><div class='question-content'><p><span class='watu_num'>4. <\/span>Gregor Mendel begr\u00fcndete<\/p>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' name='question_id[]' value='858' \/><div class='watu-questions-wrap '><input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4152' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-858[]' id='answer-id-4152' class='answer answer-4  answerof-858' value='4152' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4152' id='answer-label-4152' class=' answer label-4'><span class='answer'>die Molekulargenetik<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4154' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-858[]' id='answer-id-4154' class='answer answer-4  answerof-858' value='4154' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4154' id='answer-label-4154' class=' answer label-4'><span class='answer'>die Epigenetik<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4153' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-858[]' id='answer-id-4153' class='answer answer-4  answerof-858' value='4153' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4153' id='answer-label-4153' class=' answer label-4'><span class='answer'>die Gentechnologie<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4151' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-858[]' id='answer-id-4151' class='answer answer-4  answerof-858' value='4151' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4151' id='answer-label-4151' class=' answer label-4'><span class='answer'>die Vererbungslehre<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' id='questionType4' value='radio' class=''><\/div><div class='watu-question' id='question-5'><div class='question-content'><p><span class='watu_num'>5. <\/span>Gregor Mendel gilt als&#8230;.<\/p>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' name='question_id[]' value='855' \/><div class='watu-questions-wrap '><input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4142' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-855[]' id='answer-id-4142' class='answer answer-5  answerof-855' value='4142' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4142' id='answer-label-4142' class=' answer label-5'><span class='answer'>der Begr\u00fcnder der Molekulargenetik<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4140' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-855[]' id='answer-id-4140' class='answer answer-5  answerof-855' value='4140' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4140' id='answer-label-4140' class=' answer label-5'><span class='answer'>der Entdecker der DNA<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4139' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-855[]' id='answer-id-4139' class='answer answer-5  answerof-855' value='4139' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4139' id='answer-label-4139' class=' answer label-5'><span class='answer'>der &#8222;Vater&#8220; der Genetik<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4141' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-855[]' id='answer-id-4141' class='answer answer-5  answerof-855' value='4141' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4141' id='answer-label-4141' class=' answer label-5'><span class='answer'>der Begr\u00fcnder der Bionik<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' id='questionType5' value='radio' class=''><\/div><div class='watu-question' id='question-6'><div class='question-content'><p><span class='watu_num'>6. <\/span>Gregor Mendel war<\/p>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' name='question_id[]' value='856' \/><div class='watu-questions-wrap '><input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4156' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-856[]' id='answer-id-4156' class='answer answer-6  answerof-856' value='4156' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4156' id='answer-label-4156' class=' answer label-6'><span class='answer'>Arzt<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4157' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-856[]' id='answer-id-4157' class='answer answer-6  answerof-856' value='4157' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4157' id='answer-label-4157' class=' answer label-6'><span class='answer'>Volksschullehrer<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4158' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-856[]' id='answer-id-4158' class='answer answer-6  answerof-856' value='4158' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4158' id='answer-label-4158' class=' answer label-6'><span class='answer'>Jurist<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4155' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-856[]' id='answer-id-4155' class='answer answer-6  answerof-856' value='4155' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4155' id='answer-label-4155' class=' answer label-6'><span class='answer'>M\u00f6nch<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' id='questionType6' value='radio' class=''><\/div><div class='watu-question' id='question-7'><div class='question-content'><p><span class='watu_num'>7. <\/span>Wann wurde Gregor Mendel geboren?<\/p>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' name='question_id[]' value='859' \/><div class='watu-questions-wrap '><input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4160' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-859[]' id='answer-id-4160' class='answer answer-7  answerof-859' value='4160' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4160' id='answer-label-4160' class=' answer label-7'><span class='answer'>1922<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4161' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-859[]' id='answer-id-4161' class='answer answer-7  answerof-859' value='4161' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4161' id='answer-label-4161' class=' answer label-7'><span class='answer'>1722<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4159' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-859[]' id='answer-id-4159' class='answer answer-7  answerof-859' value='4159' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4159' id='answer-label-4159' class=' answer label-7'><span class='answer'>1822<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<input type='hidden' name='answer_ids[]' class='watu-answer-ids' value='4162' \/><div class='watu-question-choice'><input type='radio' name='answer-859[]' id='answer-id-4162' class='answer answer-7  answerof-859' value='4162' \/>&nbsp;<label for='answer-id-4162' id='answer-label-4162' class=' answer label-7'><span class='answer'>1862<\/span><\/label><\/div>\n<\/div><input type='hidden' id='questionType7' value='radio' class=''><\/div><div style='display:none' id='question-8'><br \/><div class='question-content'><img src=\"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/wp-content\/plugins\/watu\/loading.gif\" width=\"16\" height=\"16\" alt=\"Loading ...\" title=\"Loading ...\" \/>&nbsp;Loading &#8230;<\/div><\/div><br \/>\n\t<p>Question <span id='numQ'>1<\/span> of 7<\/p>\n\t\t<input type=\"button\" id=\"next-question\" value=\"Next &gt;\"  \/>\n<input type=\"button\" name=\"action\" onclick=\"Watu.submitResult()\" id=\"action-button\" value=\"Submit\"  class=\"watu-submit-button\" \/>\n<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"no_ajax\" 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Juli 1822 Heinzendorf\/Odrau Gestorben am 6. Januar 1884 in Br\u00fcnn Eltern: Anton Mendel, Rosina Mendel Ausbildung: Universit\u00e4t Olm\u00fctz, Universit\u00e4t Wien Beruf: Ordenspriester, Naturforscher Fachbereich: Vererbungslehre Bekanntestes Werk: Versuche \u00fcber Pflanzen-Hybriden (1865) Auszeichnungen: zeitlebens bekamen die Entdeckungen Mendels praktisch keine Beachtung Einfl\u00fcsse: Christian Doppler, Franz<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":49,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0},"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5026"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5026"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5026\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5040,"href":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5026\/revisions\/5040"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/49"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/nawi.naturundbildung.at\/wp\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5026"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}